http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/rss/journal/10.1002/(ISSN)1521-4095

This work engineered a LiF-rich sandwich-model cathode electrolyte interphase with LiBxOy-rich outer and −C≡N-rich inner layer via LiBF4-based partially fluorinated electrolyte with para-fluorobenzeneacetonitrile additive. This optimized electrolyte formulation and stable cathode electrolyte interphase endows Li||NCM94 batteries with long-life, high-voltage, and all-climate high-performance, and a record 544 Wh kg−1 in 7.6 Ah pouch cells with 158-cycle stability.

All-climate lithium metal batteries are highly needed, but remains a huge challenge in cycling life due to the existence of unstable electrode electrolyte interphases, especially with nickel-rich layered oxide cathode at high cut-off voltage. To address this question, a functional and robust sandwich-model cathode electrolyte interphase (CEI) is proposed, derived from a LiBF4-based electrolyte modified with para-fluorobenzeneacetonitrile (P-FBCN) additive, to realize the stability of 4.8 V Li||LiNi0.94Co0.05Mn0.01O2 (NCM94) battery operated from −60 to 60 °C. The LiF-rich sandwich-model CEI features an outer layer of LiBxOy-rich to enhance mechanical/thermal stability, and the inner −C≡N-rich anchoring layer to facilitate Li⁺ conduction and inhibit the dissolution of transition metal ions. Notably, the 7.6 Ah-grade Li||NCM94 pouch cell with such electrolyte can yield a high energy density of 544 Wh kg−1 with a long lifespan of 158 cycles.

This work introduces a 3D-printable elastomer that achieves both excellent mechanical properties (toughness of 158.5 MJ m−3) and self-healing performances (healing efficiency of 95.6%), achieved through the ingenious formulation of two dynamic bonds (acylsemicarbazide and carbamate) into the DLP printable resin, making it ideal for flexible and versatile fabrication of complex structures.

Although 3D-printing has offered a promising solution for the freeform fabrication of complex, arbitrary structures, developing elastomeric materials that simultaneously possess mechanical robustness and self-healing functionality remains a significant challenge. To address this, a 3D-printable elastomer is reported by the strategic incorporation of hierarchical hydrogen bonding (acylsemicarbazide and carbamate) into the photoactive resin, thereby overcoming the traditional trade-off between mechanical strength and dynamic functionality. The resulting elastomer exhibits ultra-toughness (158.5 MJ m−3), with tensile strength and breaking strain of 49.6 MPa and 1136%, respectively. In addition, the acylsemicarbazide moieties endow the 3D-printed elastomers with unique dynamic characteristics, including self-healing capabilities and shape reconfigurability, thus significantly enhancing the design flexibility and versatility of complex structures.

A molecular aggregation control strategy utilizing a 2D atomic crystal, hydrotalcite, regulates polymeric adsorption dynamics of donor polymers, achieving an overall efficiency of 20.63%.

In organic solar cells (OSCs), the molecular aggregation property of donor–acceptor bulk heterojunction (BHJ) architectures serves as a critical determinant in device performance. Nevertheless, the intrinsic steric constraints imposed by polymeric side chains frequently lead to metastable molecular packing configurations with diminished structural coherence. In this study, a morphological modulation strategy is proposed by adopting a 2D layered hydrotalcite (HDC) nanocrystal to regulate polymeric adsorption dynamics. By leveraging hydroxyl-directed interfacial coordination to HDC matrices, the nanocrystal-integrated BHJ systems manifest a pronounced donor-phase H-aggregation, synergistically coupled with reduced π-orbital overlap distances and enhanced long-range crystalline ordering. These nanoscale structural advancements collectively engender superior charge transfer kinetics with reduced activation energy barriers and improved charge carrier transport properties. The HDC nanocrystal-blended devices not only achieve a top-notch power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 20.63%, but also shows its applicability across various donor – acceptor BHJ systems. This work develops a crystal-engineering strategy that concurrently optimizes nanoscale morphology and charge transport networks in OSCs, yielding state-of-the-art device performance through synergistic structural-electronic modulation.

A bioinspired polarization-sensitive photosynaptic transistor using anisotropic organic micro-crystals is developed to replicate biological polarization vision. A record dichroic ratio of >103 is achieved under ultraweak light of 600 nW cm−2 while operating at the ultralow energy consumption of 0.22 pJ per synaptic event. The artificial visual neuron replicates complex polarization vision behaviors of butterflies, including intraspecific communication and target recognition.

Polarization vision, a highly sophisticated visual capability in insects such as butterflies and bees, plays a pivotal role in enabling survival-critical ecological behaviors, such as navigation, intraspecific communication, mating, and habitat selection. However, the replication of this capability in artificial systems has long been impeded by the limited dichroic ratio (DR, typically < 10) of existing materials and the complexity of conventional optical designs. Here, the first time a bioinspired polarization-sensitive photosynaptic transistor is developed based on organic micro-crystal arrays for neuromorphic polarization vision. By leveraging the polarization-dependent photogating effect in intrinsically anisotropic organic crystals, the device achieves an unprecedented DR exceeding 103 within a minimal gate-bias window of 1 V, outperforming existing polarization-sensitive photodetectors by two orders of magnitude. Furthermore, the device successfully mimics the synaptic plasticity of polarization-sensitive visual neurons, enabling tunable transitions between short-term and long-term plasticity through a charge-storage accumulative process. Significantly, it operates with an exceptionally low energy consumption of 0.22 pJ per synaptic event under ultraweak polarized light of 600 nW cm−2, rivaling the efficiency of biological neural systems. Further it demonstrates the replication of complex polarization vision behaviors of butterflies, including intraspecific communication and target recognition, using this artificial visual neuron. Our work opens new avenues for neuromorphic polarization vision, with broad implications for intelligent neurorobotics and energy-efficient biomimetic electronics.

This review explores the design of hierarchical porous materials for atmospheric water harvesting, focusing on metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and porous monoliths. Emphasis is placed on integrating MOF nanoscale porosity with the microscale channels of monolithic scaffolds to enhance sorption-desorption performance. The role of multiscale porosity, from the nanometer scale to the macrostructure, is highlighted in optimizing water uptake, vapor transport, and stability under varying humidity.

Water scarcity, a critical global challenge, has intensified due to the adverse effects of climate change on ecosystems and its detrimental impact on human activities. Addressing this issue requires solutions capable of providing clean water in regions facing hydroclimatic challenges and limited infrastructure. Atmospheric water harvesting (AWH) offers a promising solution, particularly in arid regions, by extracting moisture from the air. This review explores AWH technologies that leverage material porosity and hygroscopicity, focusing on highly porous materials such as Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) and monolithic scaffolds. While MOFs exhibit exceptional water uptake due to their tunable chemistry and nanoscale porosity, their powdery nature poses stability and processability challenges. To overcome these limitations, integrating MOFs into multiscale porous monoliths—such as foams, aerogels, cryogels, and xerogels—enhances structural integrity and performance. The role of hierarchical porosity, engineered across nano-scale in MOF (<2 nm) and micro-scales (>2 nm) is emphasized in porous monoliths, in optimizing water capture efficiency. This review also highlights recent advancements in MOF-based composite monoliths, their working mechanisms, and the potential for large-scale implementation. By integrating nanotechnology with material chemistry, this work outlines strategies to enhance sorption capacity, desorption kinetics, and scalability, ultimately providing a roadmap for developing efficient, sustainable, and scalable AWH systems.

A MnCo@mPDA-coated mineralized lotus petiole (MM@MDL3) is developed for skull defect repair. The primary function of MM@MDL3 is to rapidly recruit cells to the bone defect area via its aligned channels. And the MM@MDL3 exhibits strong M2 macrophage polarization by the release of CO and Mn2+ ions, which further enhances angiogenesis and osteogenesis while inhibiting osteoclast differentiation and maturation.

Bone regeneration remains a significant clinical challenge due to the complexity of the bone healing process and the need for biomaterials that provide both structural support and immunomodulatory functions. Here, a bioinspired immunomodulatory scaffold is developed, composed of mineralized decellularized lotus stalks (MDL) integrated with manganese carbonyl (MnCO)-loaded mesoporous polydopamine (mPDA) microspheres (MM@MDL3). This scaffold mimics the hierarchical architecture of natural bone while offering controlled CO and Mn2+ release, promoting M2 macrophage polarization, reducing inflammation, and enhancing osteogenesis. In vitro studies demonstrate that MM@MDL3 effectively promotes mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) differentiation by activating the BMP2/SMAD/RUNX2 pathway. In vivo rat calvarial defect models confirm significant bone regeneration, with increased bone volume, enhanced vascularization, and reduced osteoclastogenesis. These results demonstrate MM@MDL3 as a promising strategy for large-segment bone defect repair by integrating a biomimetic structure with immunomodulatory and osteogenic properties. The proposed scaffold has great potential for treating clinical large-segment bone defects.

A comprehensive analysis of pyridine N-oxide-silver(I) trifluoroacetate complexes reveals remarkable mechanical strengths that enable the creation of free-standing objects with shape control, reaching dimensions of up to centimeters and shedding new insights into the gelation mechanisms.

Twenty-seven pyridine N-oxides (PyNOs) are investigated to evaluate the gelation of their silver(I) trifluoroacetate (AgTFA) complexes across eight solvents. Gelation occurs selectively with PyNOs featuring electron-donating groups, while those with electron-withdrawing or mixed groups do not form gels. A combination of two different PyNOs, one with an electron-donating group and the second with an electron-withdrawing group, form a gel, suggesting that gel-forming PyNO-AgTFA can override the non-gelling tendency of PyNOs comprising electron-withdrawing groups. Pyridine-AgTFA complexes lacking the N–O group fail to gel, underscoring the crucial role of the N–O functionality and its coordination with silver(I) in facilitating gelation. The resulting PyNO-AgTFA gels demonstrate remarkable mechanical strengths, enabling the fabrication of free-standing and load-bearing gel shapes, such as rods and horseshoes, with sizes up to several centimeters. The analysis of 65 X-ray crystal structures reveals that PyNO-AgTFA complexes manifest four distinct structural motifs, even when crystallized under different solvents and ligand-to-metal ratios, demonstrating a strong preference for a specific set of silver(I) complexes. X-ray crystallography and powder X-ray diffraction studies predict gel structures without single crystals. Density functional theory calculations of recurring non-covalent interactions in the crystal structures show interaction energies ranging from −1 to −92 kJ mol−1.

Inspired by the shock-absorbing architecture of natural insect elytra, a hyperboloid metamaterial scaffold exhibits compression-torsion coupling, converting mechanical loads into strain energy. The upper hyperboloid region promotes chondrogenesis via high strain, while the lower tough lattice favors osteogenesis, enhancing the integrative regeneration of both cartilage and subchondral bone.

Inspired by the shock-absorbing capabilities of natural insect elytra, a hyperboloid lattice metamaterial exhibiting unique compression-torsion coupling behavior is designed and fabricated. This structure efficiently converts dynamic loads into strain energy, enabling high-strain elastic deformation. The hyperboloid lattice is integrated with a classic reticulation framework and filled with GelMA hydrogel, creating a tailored osteochondral scaffold with mechanical properties that closely match those of joint tissue. Under dynamic mechanical culture, compression-torsion stimulation in the hyperboloid zone induced high-strain elastic deformation, promoting chondrogenic differentiation of stem cells, while the more rigid reticulation zone, experiencing minimal deformation, facilitated osteogenic differentiation of stem cells. In a rabbit osteochondral defect model, hyperboloid-based shock-absorption scaffolds significantly enhanced the integrative repair of both cartilage and subchondral bone via the NF-κB and calcium signaling pathways. The incorporation of the hyperboloid metamaterial, with its shock-absorbing and strain-regulating properties, demonstrates great potential for developing adaptable mechanical scaffolds for cartilage remodeling.

The corrosion of Li metal anode by different lithium polysulfide species is systematically revealed. Higher corrosion rate, more uniform Li deposition, and more durable Li anode cycling are achieved in low-order lithium polysulfides. A lithium polysulfide selection strategy is proposed to selectively inhibit the corrosion of high-order lithium polysulfides and prolong the cumulative capacity of lithium–sulfur batteries.

Lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries are promising next-generation energy storage systems due to their ultrahigh theoretical energy density of 2600 Wh kg−1. However, soluble lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) violently corrode Li metal anodes, inducing rapid capacity decay and poor cycling lifespan of Li–S batteries. Herein, the corrosion of different LiPS species on the Li metal anode is systematically investigated. The corrosion rate of Li metal anode by Li2S8 and Li2S6 is higher than Li2S4. The discrepancy in corrosion rate is attributed to the continuous reaction between the LiPSs and Li metal, while the corrosion can hardly be prohibited by the LiPS-generated solid electrolyte interphase. Smaller Li nuclei size, more uniform Li deposition, and more durable cycling of Li metal anodes are found in Li2S4 electrolyte in comparison with Li2S8 and Li2S6 electrolytes. Consequently, a LiPS selection strategy is proposed to selectively inhibit the corrosion of high-order LiPSs and successfully prolong the cumulative capacity by 31% in Li–S batteries. This work clarifies the fundamentals of Li metal anode corrosion by different LiPS species and highlights the rational selection of favorable LiPS species for promoting the cycling durability of Li–S batteries.

This study develops macrophage-escorted, ROS-responsive rotaxane nanoscavengers loaded with charge-neutralizing carboxymethyl α-cyclodextrin and anti-inflammatory 4-octyl itaconate, enabling precise renal targeting, active diquat detoxification, disruption of ROS-inflammatory cycles, and significantly improved survival in poisoned mice.

This study proposes a bioinspired on-demand detoxification strategy addressing the critical need for efficient toxin poisoning therapies. Focusing on the high-mortality herbicide diquat, an active toxin-hunting paradigm is developed, diverging from passive methods like hemodialysis. Charge-neutralizing carboxymethyl α-cyclodextrin (CCD) is computationally designed to recognize, sequester, and detoxify diquat by counteracting its positive charge and suppressing ROS generation. To enhance renal targeting (diquat's primary toxic site), CCD is threaded onto PEG5K chains forming cyclodextrin rotaxanes, stabilized by ROS-cleavable cationic polymers, and encapsulated into macrophages to exploit inflammatory chemotaxis. The system incorporates 4-octyl itaconate (4-OI) to activate the Nrf2 antioxidant pathway, synergistically breaking the ROS-inflammatory cycle. In poisoned mice, this biomimetic system demonstrates precise renal accumulation, significantly reducing ROS damage and increasing survival rates. The work validates a demand-driven molecular design framework integrating organ-specific antidote delivery with inflammation regulation—simultaneously enabling ROS scavenging and upstream pathway modulation-establishing an active toxin-neutralization theory. This strategy bridges biomaterials engineering and redox biology, where supramolecular stability during circulation synergizes with renal targeting to overcome limitations of current reactive therapies.

This review comprehensively overviews the latest progress in advanced nanofluidic channels, focusing on optimizing permselectivity to boost ion transport efficiency. It emphasizes the systematic manipulation of nanochannel architectures to balance permeability and selectivity. Finally, it provides forward-looking insights into the future of osmotic energy conversion, including AI integration in nanofluidic design, expanded applications, and technology integration.

As industrialization deepens and population surges, the demand for sustainable energy has emerged as a globally critical challenge. Osmotic energy—generated from Gibbs free energy between different solutions—stands out as a viable solution to the energy crisis. The key to efficient osmotic energy conversion is the development of nanofluidic materials with high-selectivity and high-flux transmembrane ion transport behaviors. This Review provides a comprehensive overview of the latest progress in advanced nanofluidic channels, focusing on optimizing permselectivity to enhance ion transport efficiency. The systematic manipulation of nanochannel architectures is underscored to navigate the inherent balance between permeability and selectivity. Furthermore, the impact of external field regulation on the controlled ion transport within nanofluidic channels, aiming to boost osmotic energy conversion, is explored. At last, visionary insights into the future of osmotic energy conversion are offered, encompassing the combination with artificial intelligence (AI) in nanofluidic design, the expansion of application landscapes, and the integration with other complementary technologies.

In this work, the authors confirm that breast cancer cells can directly bind with IgA, dependent on polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (PIGR)-mediated transcytosis function, modulating tumorigenic phenotype and antitumor response. To harness this biology, an intranasal tumor vaccine is designed, which can effectively combat primary and metastatic breast cancer through at least two independent mechanisms, including PIGR-IgA interaction and antigen recognition.

Humoral immunity-cancer crosstalk has gained attention recently owing to its impact on tumor immune responses and therapy responsiveness. Here, it is shown that epithelial breast cancer cells can directly bind with non-antigen-specific IgA, dependent on polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (PIGR)-mediated transcytosis function, modulating tumoral inflammatory genes and sensitizing antitumor response. To harness this biology, a hybrid tumor vaccine is designed by covering the adjuvant-loaded cancer cell vesicles with a calcium phosphate shell, which retains the antigen information of the original tumor cells and exhibits robust mucosal adhesion in nasal tissues. Following intranasal vaccination, such a hybrid vaccine preferentially activates germinal center responses in nasal-associated lymphoid tissues and drives the production of tumoral antigen-specific IgA-dominated humoral immunity in both serum and lung through the property of “common mucosal immune system”, thus coordinating cellular immune responses to prevent lung colonization of IgA-opsonized breast cancer. In the inoperable and postoperative breast cancer model, intranasal vaccination with the hybrid vaccine also enables the amplification of the therapeutic benefits of local/systemic therapies. In summary, this work presents insights into the antitumor biology of IgA in epithelial breast cancer and explores a highly effective vaccine strategy focused on governing IgA-dominated humoral immunity to combat breast cancer, especially lung metastasis.

The 2D chiral hybrid (R/S)-3BrMBA2PbBr4 perovskites demonstrate distinctive magneto-chiroptical effects. The circular dichroism is significantly enhanced and reversed under the magnetic field. The hybrids exhibit excellent nonlinear optical properties and high-performance in self-driven photodetector. This work provides valuable insights into the design of chiral hybrids and their applications in self-driven detectors.

Organic–inorganic hybrid perovskites show promising applications in photodetectors due to their high absorption coefficients and outstanding optoelectronic properties. However, most hybrid perovskites exhibit centrosymmetric structures, requiring external electric fields for photodetection. Herein, 2D chiral hybrid perovskite (R/S)-3BrMBA2PbBr4 is synthesized, which exhibits broadband circularly polarized luminescence with a luminescence asymmetry factor of 1.5 × 10−2. Furthermore, the circular dichroism (CD) of (R/S)-3BrMBA2PbBr4 undergoes significant enhancement and inversion under a magnetic field due to the Zeeman effect, achieving an 8-fold increase in the CD asymmetry factor and Zeeman splitting energy of 0.3 meV. The non-centrosymmetric structure endows (R/S)-3BrMBA2PbBr4 single crystals with net polarization along the b-axis, along with efficient second-harmonic generation (SHG) CD and a high asymmetry factor (gSHG-CD = 0.87). The self-driven photodetector fabricated from (R)-3BrMBA₂PbBr₄ demonstrates an anomalous photovoltaic effect under ultraviolet light illumination, generating a photovoltage of 4.8 V that far exceeds its bandgap (Eg = 2.96 eV), while simultaneously demonstrating robust X-ray detection and circularly polarized light discrimination at zero external bias. The work provides significant insights into the application of chiral hybrid perovskites in low-energy, multifunctional optoelectronic systems and paves the way for the development of advanced photodetection technologies.

This review spotlights the critical challenges faced by aluminum metal anodes and aqueous electrolytes. Recent progress on activating and stabilizing Al metal anode is summarized and discussed in terms of two aspects, including anode engineering and electrolyte optimization. Finally, some revelatory insights and possible strategies are provided for the future design of high reaction activity of Al anode and electrolytes.

Aqueous aluminum metal batteries (AAMBs) have garnered significant attention due to the abundant reserves, low cost, high theoretical capacity, and intrinsic safety of aluminum (Al). However, Al3+-based energy storage technologies remain in their nascent stages, facing a multitude of challenges. One major issue is the poor thermodynamic stability of the aluminum metal anode in aqueous electrolytes, stemming from self-corrosion, surface passivation, or hydrogen evolution reactions. These parasitic reactions dramatically reduce the reactivity, prevent reversible deposition/dissolution of aluminum, and restrict the electrochemical performance of AAMBs. This review spotlights the critical challenges faced by aluminum metal anodes and aqueous electrolytes. Then, recent progress on activating and stabilizing Al metal anode is summarized and discussed in terms of two aspects, including anode engineering and electrolyte optimization. Ultimately, future designs of high reaction activity of Al metal anode and electrolytes with high reversibility, long lifespan, and high energy density are proposed, which potentially facilitate the development of new generation of Al-based energy storage batteries.

A durable high-voltage all-solid-state electrolyte is developed by incorporating a novel organic/inorganic hybrid porous component with a fluoroether design. Due to the weakened Li+ coordination structure, the proposed high-voltage SSE exhibits durable antioxidation. The optimized electrolytes show ultra-stable cycling performance in Li||Li cells, LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2||Li cells, and LiMn0.6Fe0.4PO4||Li cells even under 4.5V.

Developing high-voltage all-solid-state lithium metal batteries (ASSLMBs) holds transformative potential for next-generation energy storage technologies but remains a formidable challenge. Herein, a new prototype design is presented that integrates fluorinated ether segments into the traditional oxide nanocomposite phase, enabling poly(ethylene oxide)-based composite electrolytes with exceptional anti-oxidation durability and enhance overall electrochemical performance. Through a combination of experimental and computational analyses, it is demonstrated that the superior performance is attributed to the formation of reconstructed Li⁺ solvation with weakly coordinating environments. The proposed formulation exhibits excellent Li-metal compatibility, enabling stable cycling in symmetric Li||Li cells for over 9500 h. The solid-state electrolyte also exhibits outstanding high-voltage stability with LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 cathodes, extending the operational voltage from 4.0 to 4.5 V. Moreover, the LiMn1-xFexPO4||Li cells have delivered remarkable cycling performance, achieving over 1200 cycles with 99% capacity retention after 500 cycles. This work establishes an innovative platform for designing electrolytes with superior antioxidation properties and enhance structural durability, paving the way for the advancement of high-voltage all-solid-state lithium metal batteries.

Self-growing scaffolds increase both the border and the space of obsolete defects. By balancing molecular cohesion and hydrogen bonding, the growth time can be regulated within 3–7 days. Dynamic shear forces induced by scaffold growth can inhibit hematoma, enhance focal adhesion, and accelerate extracellular matrix remodeling. This regenerative model allows for minimally invasive treatment of vertical bone augmentation.

Tissue regeneration and repair techniques approaching personalized treatment are devoted to fabricating high-precision scaffolds that accurately match the size of the defect. However, scaffolds are difficult to implant in situ for obsolete defects with loss of original space, and the size is limited by confined boundary tissue. In nature, the development of fetuses, organs, and even plants all experience a matched growth in volume and border. Inspired by that, this study proposes a space-expanding regeneration model with a self-growing (SG) scaffold, which is then used in refractory alveolar ridge vertical bone augmentation. The SG scaffold contains a multistage hydrophilic polymer network. The initial size can be eliminated for minimally invasive implantation, and gradually increased by orderly absorption of tissue fluid, achieving controlled growth in vivo. The shearing force of the SG scaffold suppresses tissue hematoma and stimulates extracellular matrix remodeling. In addition, macrophages polarize toward M2 and secrete transforming growth factor-β1. Meanwhile, bone regeneration is induced within the expanded space, achieving a ≈5-fold vertical increase of the rat skull, and supporting a 6-mm-long titanium implant. The SG scaffold provides a spatial and border extension model for obsolete injuries.

The comprehensive phase diagram is established by a directional etching technique with H3PMo12O40 as an etchant to target MOFs defect-engineered hollow hierarchical structures. The etched MOF achieves an exceptional H2 evolution rate due to the enhanced exposure of encapsulated polyoxometalate clusters in the hollow structure.

Encapsulating guests in metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) can widely expand their functionality, but usually reduces porosity, hindering reactant and product diffusion. Herein, a simple and rapid room temperature directional etching technique is developed to engineer MOFs with tailored hierarchical structures. With H3PMo12O40 (PMo12) as an etchant, classical cubic morphology of WNi@Z8, a ZIF-8 MOF encapsulating SiW11NiO39 (WNi), can be transformed into various defect-engineered hollow structures, and a comprehensive phase diagram is established by systematically adjusting etching parameters. Mechanistic studies reveal that PMo12 infiltrates ZIF-8 preferentially through {111} facet, followed by controlled etching along {110} and {100} facets, enabling precise spatial control over cavity formation. The etched WNi@Z8 achieves an exceptional H2 evolution rate of 12,667 µmol g−1 h−1, nearly threefold enhancement over the non-etched counterpart due to the enhanced exposure of encapsulated WNi clusters in the hollow structure. This work provides a generalizable strategy for engineering guest@MOFs to achieve high-efficiency catalysis.

In layered magnets, the atomistic Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction (DMI) depends critically not only on the orbital occupancy of the interface layer but also on the sequence of the atomic layers. The effect can be understood by analyzing the contributions of different orbitals to DMI. Both the chirality and the magnitude of the atomistic DMI can be controlled through interface engineering.

Chirality is one of the inherent characteristics of some objects in nature. In magnetism, chiral magnetic textures can be formed in systems with broken inversion symmetry and due to an antisymmetric magnetic interaction, known as Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction (DMI). Here, aiming for a fundamental understanding of this chiral interaction on the atomic scale, several synthetic layered structures composed of alternating atomic layers of 3d ferromagnetic metals epitaxially grown on the Ir(001) surface are designed. It is demonstrated both experimentally and theoretically that the atomistic DMI depends critically not only on the orbital occupancy of the interface magnetic layer but also on the sequence of the atomic layers. It is shown that even large atomistic DMI values can result in a small effective DMI, and conversely. Furthermore, the dependence of the effective DMI on the number of atomic layers deviates from a simple scaling law. These observations are attributed to the complexity of the electronic structure and the contributions of different orbitals to the hybridization and DMI. The results are anticipated to provide guidelines for achieving full control over both the chirality and the magnitude of the atomistic DMI in layered materials.

Dual-amide engineering creates a hierarchical energy dissipation system in blue phase liquid crystal elastomers, yielding remarkable toughness and ultralow hysteresis. This strategy enables programmable mechanochromics via thermally induced bond rearrangement. A multidimensional encryption platform is demonstrated by synergistically combining mechanical strain, UV-triggered luminescence, and temporally-gated phosphorescent afterglow for advanced anti-counterfeiting applications.

Blue phase liquid crystal elastomers (BPLCEs) hold significant promise for flexible photonic devices due to their 3D periodic photonic lattices and intrinsic soft-matter characteristics. However, achieving an optimal balance between mechanical resilience and dynamic responsiveness remains a critical challenge. This study introduces a dynamic hydrogen-bonding network design strategy, wherein N,N'-bisacryloylcystamine monomers are incorporated to construct a hierarchical energy dissipation system, yielding BPLCEs with remarkable toughness (1.72 MJ m− 3) and ultralow hysteresis (4.8%). By integrating thermally induced topological bond rearrangement, programmable mechanical gradient films are developed to enable high-precision strain-induced patterning and an adaptive encryption mechanism governed by a “relaxation-concealment/stretching-development” paradigm. Furthermore, leveraging the spatiotemporal gating properties of embedded phosphorescent materials, a dual-mode dynamic verification system is established, facilitating multidimensional information decryption via ultraviolet-triggered rapid visualization and controlled afterglow decay lasting up to 5 s. This study not only mitigates the inherent trade-off between mechanical durability and stimulus responsiveness in soft photonic crystals but also establishes a novel framework for multidimensional synergistic regulation across mechanical, optical, and temporal domains. These findings provide a transformative strategy for advancing next-generation dynamic encryption systems, intelligent sensing technologies, and adaptive photonic displays, paving the way for innovative applications in flexible photonic devices.

A computation-guided strategy for non-inflammatory photothermal therapy is developed, leveraging machine learning to identify RuO2 as the optimal photothermal agent with anti-inflammatory properties. Through an integrated approach, the mechanisms are elucidated using density functional theory calculations. This dual-methodology framework allows for a deeper understanding of the photothermal and anti-inflammatory performance.

Due to the promotive role of inflammation in tumor progression, designing multifunctional nanomedicines that synergistically combine anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory properties emerges as a promising approach to enhance cancer treatment. However, identifying optimal nano-agents from a vast pool of candidates using traditional trial-and-error methods remains inefficient and lacking in systematic guidance. In this study, this challenge is addressed by integrating photothermal therapy for tumor ablation with catalase-mimicking nanozymes for inflammation mitigation as a model system to explore non-inflammatory tumor treatment strategies. Using interpretable machine learning techniques, experimental data are systematically analyzed to elucidate the relationships between nanomaterial features and functional properties, enabling the precise identification of photothermal agents with robust anti-inflammatory synergistic effects. Through this framework, ruthenium oxide nanoparticles (RuO2 NPs) are identified as a highly efficient multifunctional candidate. The catalytic properties of RuO2 NPs are further validated and rationalized through density functional theory calculations. Experimental investigations confirm the remarkable performance of RuO2 NPs, demonstrating their ability to achieve efficient photothermal tumor ablation at NIR-II biowindow and simultaneously mitigate inflammation by promoting a favorable immune microenvironment. This work highlights the transformative potential of machine learning-driven approaches in the rational design and accelerated discovery of multifunctional nanomaterials.