http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/rss/journal/10.1002/(ISSN)1521-4095

A Na-hybridization strategy is proposed to reduce defects in LiNbO3-NGC, enhancing its nonlinear properties. By using this hybridized LiNbO3-NGC, the transverse second-harmonic generation is achieved. An ultrashort optical pulse monitoring system is constructed which are demonstrated for real-time quantitative measurement of the duration, distribution, and front tilting of optical pulses in the 10−15 s scale.

LiNbO3 nanocrystal-glass composites (LiNbO3-NGC), characterized by its unique 3D random domain structure, have shown great promise for significant applications, such as femtosecond pulse monitoring and full-color 3D displays. However, the nonlinear response of the LiNbO3-NGC is greatly suppressed by the defects, and effective manipulation of these defects remains a long-standing challenge. In this study, a Na-hybridization strategy is proposed to control defects in the LiNbO3-NGC to enhance its nonlinear properties and realizing its practical application for ultrashort optical pulse monitoring. The findings reveal that the incorporation of Na ions effectively reduces the defects within the composite, resulting in significantly improved nonlinear effects. By using this hybridized LiNbO3-NGC, the transverse second-harmonic generation is achieved. An ultrashort optical pulse system is also constructed and successfully applied it for real-time quantitative measurement of the duration, distribution, and front tilting of optical pulses in the 10−15 s scale. These results not only present an excellent example about defect engineering in nonlinear LiNbO3-NGC but also point to practical applications for the measurement of extreme physical parameters.

An azobenzene-based material with unprecedented light-pumped directional charge-transfer reminiscent of toppling dominoes is presented. After light-induced trans→cis forward isomerization, electron hopping occurs in a sequential and propagating manner between the cis isomers along with an electrocatalytic cis→trans backward isomerization. This repeatable, self-erasing domino information transfer is a groundbreaking new mechanism, suitable to process information on the molecular level.

In the pursuit of more secure information transfer, advanced nanoelectronic technologies and nanomaterials must be developed. Here, a material is presented able to undergo an unprecedented light-pumped directional charge-transfer process reminiscent of toppling dominoes. The material is based on ortho-fluorinated azobenzene molecules which are organized in molecular rows by the regular array of a metal–organic framework. The azobenzene molecules undergo light-induced trans→cis forward as well as electrocatalytic cis→trans backward isomerization. The findings reveal that electron hopping occurs in a sequential and propagating manner between the light-generated cis isomers along with an isomerization of the sample to the trans-state. Thus, light can be used to locally write information, which subsequently can be read out by the transferred charge with simultaneous deletion of the information. This freely repeatable, self-erasing domino information transfer is a groundbreaking new mechanism to process information on the molecular level that may find application in encryption.

Chiroptical activity is enhanced by up to 0.003 in the g-factor through the induction of ferromagnetism in quantum dots. A chiroptical neuromorphic synapse, composed of chiroferromagnetic quantum dots, generates different synaptic weights from multiple wavelengths and circularly polarized light. The low-level preprocessing unit of the multi-channel neuromorphic device functions as a low-level optical noise filter, enabling energy-efficient neuromorphic computing.

Optoelectronic devices using circularly polarized light (CPL) offer enhanced sensitivity and specificity for efficient data processing. There is a growing demand for CPL sensing mediums with strong optical activity, stability and sensitivity, multiple transition bands, and environmental compatibility. Here, defect-engineered chiroferromagnetic quantum dots (CFQDs) are used as a new type of CPL sensing material. By inducing amorphization defects through chiral molecules, CFQDs with high unpaired electron density, atomic structural chirality, amplified chiroptical activity, and multiple exciton transition bands are developed. CFQDs enable nonlinear, long-term plastic behavior with linear optical input, acting as in situ noise filters that reduce noise by over 20%. Additionally, CFQDs provide over nine times higher integration for photon polarization and wavelength distinctions, paving the way for next-generation processors with improved energy efficiency, integration, and reduced retention time.

This review explores electrospinning fundamentals, methods for synthesizing polymer, metal oxide, carbon, and composite nanofibers, and advancements in fiber architectures like porous, core–shell, and aligned structures. It highlights applications in functional membranes, sensors, energy systems, and catalyst design while addressing future opportunities through AI-driven optimization and robotics for scalable and sustainable nanofiber production, including the use of green solvents.

Electrospinning has emerged as a transformative technique for fabricating nanofibers (NFs), offering precise control over their morphology, composition, and functionality. This versatile process facilitates the production of fibers ranging from nanoscale to microscale with customized properties, integrating diverse materials and architectures for advanced research and industrial applications. This review presents recent advancements in electrospinning, addressing its fundamental principles, nanomaterial synthesis methods, and examples from a wide range of applications. The significant progress that are made in fabricating polymer, metal oxide, carbon, and composite NFs with diverse architectures such as porous, core–shell, hollow, and aligned structures is highlighted. Advanced electrospinning techniques, including coaxial electrospinning, aligned electrospinning, yarn electrospinning, and roll-to-roll processes, demonstrate the scalability and adaptability of electrospinning for the development of next-generation nanomaterials. Electrospun NFs are being actively applied to functional membranes, gas sensors, energy systems, and catalytic processes, addressing critical challenges in these respective areas. In conclusion, the groundbreaking potential of integrating artificial intelligence (AI)-driven optimization with sustainable material design, such as the use of environmentally-friendly “green” solvents, is emphasized. In the end, leveraging robotics-based electrospinning and AI-enhanced methodologies is essential to achieve stable scalability, optimized performance, and sustainability for research and industry.

High-entropy oxide (HEO) catalysts are developed to show unprecedented active and durable performance in photothermal dry reforming of methane due to the light-induced metal exsolution-dissolution process. Such a mechanism triggers the chemical looping of oxygen vacancies on HEO and greatly improves product formation and coking resistance.

Solar-driven dry reforming of methane (DRM) is attractive for syngas production as an energy-efficient and environmentally friendly process. However, the remaining challenges of low yield and coke-induced inability in this route severely limit its applicability. Here, a light-induced metal exsolution-dissolution strategy is reported using high-entropy oxide (HEO) as a support for highly active and durable photothermal DRM. As evidenced by structural characterizations and theoretical simulations, the metal exsolution-dissolution process triggers the chemical looping of oxygen vacancies on HEO, in which CH4 is activated to CO and H2 by lattice oxygen while oxygen from CO2 can fill the oxygen vacancy and release CO. Such a pathway greatly improves product formation and coking resistance, overcoming the limitations. As a result, the optimized CoNiFeZnCr-HEO supported Rh nanocomposite achieves a high H2/CO production of 0.242/0.246 mol g−1 h−1 with a balance selectivity of 0.98 and impressive long-term stability (200 h). The yield is ≈300 and 450 times higher than that of quaternary and ternary oxides-based catalysts, respectively. This work paves the way for new insights into the light-driven DRM process and highlights the integration of dynamic surface evolution with molecular activation to enhance catalytic performance.

The microscopic mechanisms governing the friction characteristics of hydrogels in open-air environments are revealed through experiments, theoretical analyses, and molecular dynamics simulations. The results show that larger pore sizes and enhanced internal water mobility improve the permeability of hydrogels, allowing them to maintain a low friction coefficient by mitigating surface water loss.

Hydrogels composed of a solvent-saturated, cross-linked polymer network exhibit unique interfacial rheology and ultralow friction, making them valuable in biomedical applications. Despite their widespread use in open-air environments, the lubrication behaviors of hydrogels under these conditions remain poorly understood. Here, the microscopic mechanisms underlying the friction characteristics of hydrogels through a combination of experiments, theoretical analyses, and molecular dynamics simulations is explored. It is found that water evaporation from the hydrogel surface reduces the hydrodynamic layer thickness and increases surface viscosity, leading to a gradual rise in friction. On the other hand, optimizing pore size and water mobility within the hydrogel enhances water transport from the interior to the surface, mitigating evaporation and enabling consistently low friction. It is also explored how soaking time, water affinity, and applied normal load influence hydrogel lubrication. The findings elucidate the microscopic mechanisms governing the friction behaviors of hydrogels and provide guidelines for designing hydrogel systems with sustained exceptional lubrication properties in open-air applications.

This work introduces a co-polymerization approach using 1,1,1-trifluoro-2,3-epoxypropane to integrate lithium nitrate into poly-DOL-based quasi-solid-state electrolytes. The resulting electrolyte exhibits high ionic conductivity (2.23 mS cm−1), exceptional Coulombic efficiency (99.34%) in Li|Cu cell, and long-term stability (2000 cycles in Li|LFP cells). Scale-up tests in Li|NCM811 cells show 94.4% capacity retention over 60 cycles, offering a promising path for high-performance, in situ polymerized batteries.

The advancement of lithium metal batteries toward their theoretical energy density potential remains constrained by safety and performance issues inherent to liquid electrolytes. Quasi-solid-state electrolytes (QSSEs) based on poly-1,3-dioxolane (poly-DOL) represent a promising development, yet challenges in achieving satisfactory Coulombic efficiency and long-term stability have impeded their practical implementation. While lithium nitrate addition can enhance efficiency, its incorporation results in prohibitively slow polymerization rates spanning several months. In this work, high-polymerization-enthalpy 1,1,1-trifluoro-2,3-epoxypropane is introduced as a co-polymerization promoter, successfully integrating lithium nitrate into poly-DOL-based QSSEs. The resulting electrolyte demonstrates exceptional performance with 2.23 mS cm−1 of ionic conductivity at 25 °C, a Coulombic efficiency of 99.34% in Li|Cu cells, and stable lithium metal interfaces sustained through 1300 h of symmetric cell cycling. This co-polymerization approach also suppresses poly-DOL crystallization, enabling Li|LiFePO4 cells to maintain stability beyond 2000 cycles at 1C. Scale-up validation in a ≈1 Ah Li|NCM811 pouch cell achieves 94.4% capacity retention over 60 cycles. This strategy establishes a new pathway for developing high-performance, in situ polymerized quasi-solid-state batteries for practical energy storage applications.

This review charts the transformative potential of next-generation nano-flexible embolic agents in redefining TACE for HCC. By dissecting innovations in tunable coagulation dynamics, real-time imaging integration and hypoxia-responsive drug delivery, it unveils how to overcome the pitfalls of conventional therapies. The strategies extend to synergies with immunotherapy and energy-conversion strategies, while confronting scalability and regulatory hurdles critical for clinical adoption.

Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) remains the gold standard for treating intermediate-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), yet faces great challenges in overcoming tumor heterogeneity, hypoxia-induced angiogenesis, and metastatic progression. The development of advanced flexible embolization materials marks a revolutionary leap in interventional therapy, offering opportunities to revolutionize embolization precision, drug delivery kinetics, and tumor microenvironment modulation. This comprehensive review systematically examines the paradigm shift toward next-generation TACE technology, emphasizing the limitations of conventional approaches and innovations in flexible embolic agents. A detailed discussion of next-generation nano-flexible embolic systems is presented, emphasizing their unique coagulation dynamics, real-time imaging capabilities, and therapeutic precision. The review delves into groundbreaking TACE strategies integrating hypoxia modulation, energy conversion therapeutics, and sophisticated tumor microenvironment engineering. Clinical translation aspects are thoroughly explored, including large-scale trial outcomes, vascular recanalization dynamics, and patient-specific treatment optimization. Looking forward, key frontiers in the field is identified: intelligent nanocomposite systems, synergistic combination therapies, and precision medicine approaches tailored to individual tumor biology. This work not only objectively evaluates current progress but also charts future research priorities, aiming to transform TACE from a palliative intervention to a precision medicine platform and ultimately reshaping the landscape of HCC treatment and patient care.

Na+-density and degree of order in Na3V2(PO4)2O2F cathode are regulated via divalent cation doping to compare the importance of electrostatic interaction and Na+-ordering on the Na+ diffusivity and storage property. A higher Mg2+-doping concentration at both Na- and V-site, though incorporating extra Na+ and higher repulsive forces, contributes to a higher structural disorder, which reveals a higher throughout Na+ diffusivity with a superior energy/power density.

Electrostatic interaction and Na+-ordering are identified as two possible kinetic constraints in determining the Na+ diffusivity in Na3V2(PO4)2O2F (NVPOF), a representative polyanionic-based cathode material for sodium-ion batteries. As both factors are compositionally related and intertwined, isolating individual factors to pinpoint the dominant one is essential yet challenging for achieving the full electrochemical potential of NVPOF. Herein, NVPOF doped with Zn2+ or Mg2+ is developed to study the relative influence of the electrostatic interaction and structural disordering on the Na+ diffusivity and thus Na+ storage performance. The crystal structural analysis and theoretical modeling reveal that a limited amount (0.6 at% of Na) of Zn2+ doped at the Na-site with Na-vacancies created, while a ten-fold higher Mg2+ doped at both the Na- and V-site, which introduces additional Na+ for charge compensation. As a result, compared to the Zn2+ doped counterpart, the Mg2+ doped NVPOF cathode shows a Na+ diffusivity up to 3 times higher even encountering larger repulsive forces, and a much enhanced Na+ storage property. This work demonstrates the superiority of regulating the degree of order in the framework to address the defect formation energy of NVPOF, which is realized via doping and can be extendable to other polyanionic-based cathode materials.

A multi-network synergistic treatment strategy is designed to form a powerful therapeutic network to improve tumor immunotherapy by coordinating multiple immune activation mechanisms such as autophagy blocking, ferroptosis, pyroptosis, immunogenic cell death, and STING activation, which improves the immunogenicity, reverses the immunosuppressive TME, breaks the immune barrier, and promotes immune cell proliferation and infiltration.

Immunotherapeutic efficacy is often limited by poor immunogenicity, immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), and cytoprotective mechanisms, leading to low immune activation. To this end, here, L-amino acid oxidase (LAAO) loaded gallium-magnesium layered double hydroxide (MG-LAAO) is prepared for significantly enhanced tumor immunotherapy through multi-network synergistic regulation. First, MG-LAAO induces tumor cell pyroptosis by initiating caspase-1/GSDMD and caspase-3/GSDME pathways, further triggering immunogenic cell death (ICD). Then the released Ga3+ induces mitochondrial iron overload, resulting in ferroptosis. In addition, MG-LAAO also hinders autophagy of tumor cells, and reshapes the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) by neutralizing H+ and inhibiting lactic acid accumulation, thus destroying the cytoprotective mechanism and avoiding immune escape. Furthermore, this multi-network synergy further activates the cGAS-STING signaling pathway, generating powerful antitumor immunotherapy. This work highlights the critical role of synergies between autophagy block, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, and ICD in tumor immunotherapy, demonstrating the important role of this multi-network synergy in effectively overcoming immunosuppressive TME and enhancing immunogenicity. In particular, the mechanism of gallium-induced pyroptosis is revealed for the first time, providing theoretical support for the design of new materials for tumor immunotherapy in the future.

A spectrally selective colorful electrochromic infrared emissivity regulator (CECIER) is presented for all-season building thermal management. It enables multi-modal dynamic infrared emissivity regulation in the atmospheric window while reducing parasitic heat through high reflectance in the non-atmospheric window. The regulator achieves ≈2°C (night) and 3°C (day) temperature adjustments and 3.46 MJ m− 2 annual building energy savings.

Radiative cooling is a technology that utilizes the high emissivity of materials in the atmospheric window to achieve cooling, showing great application prospects in building energy-saving. However, traditional static passive radiative cooling materials with broad-spectrum high emissivity can lead to increased heating energy consumption in winter due to overcooling and a weakened cooling effect in summer due to the urban heat island effect. In this study, a colorful, intelligent infrared emissivity regulator is well designed based on a multi film ultrathin electrochromic device for all-season thermal management in buildings. The infrared emissivity of the regulator can vary in real time in response to seasonal or temperature variations, allowing for the switching between radiative cooling and insulation. Guided by nano-photonics theory for multilayer optical films, the regulator achieves multi-modal dynamic infrared emissivity regulation in the atmospheric window Δε¯$\Delta \ \bar{\varepsilon }$Δε¯$\Delta \ \bar{\varepsilon }$, and the high reflectance in the non-atmospheric window inhibits heat gains from the external environment. The regulator demonstrates excellent environmental adaptivity with an acceptable response time, a long cycle life, and good bending resistance. The regulator can achieve ≈2 °C/3 °C (nighttime/daytime) temperature adjustment. The simulation results indicate that the regulator can achieve an annual building energy saving of 3.46 MJ m− 2.

Ferroelectric substrates offer a dynamic platform to enhance the catalytic performance of single-atom catalysts (SACs) for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). By integrating high-throughput computations and machine learning, this study reveals how to take advantage of ferroelectric polarization effect to fine-tune the OER pathways on SACs. It advances the rational design of high-efficiency SACs for sustainable energy conversion.

The oxygen evolution reaction (OER) performance of single-atom catalysts (SACs) heavily depends on their substrates. However, heterojunctions with traditional substrate materials often fail to provide the desired dynamic interface effects. Here, through a systematic study of the ferroelectric heterostructure In2Se3/C-N-M, the feasibility of using ferroelectric materials to achieve dynamic optimization of the OER activity on SACs is demonstrated. The ferroelectric In2Se3 is confirmed to be an effective substrate for improving the stability of various SACs, supported by theoretical results of their negative formation energy and positive dissolution potential. Activity analysis indicates that among these In2Se3/C-N-M systems, the In2Se3/C-N-Ir can achieve near-ideal catalytic activities through polarization switching. It can unprecedentedly catalyze OER via a hybrid pathway of adsorbate evolution mechanism and O-O coupling mechanism under different pH conditions (from pH = 1 to pH = 13). Machine learning models have been developed to conduct feature analysis and make ultrafast predictions of OER activity, which identify that the interfacial charge transfer triggered by ferroelectric polarization is the key to fine-tuning the OER performance of SACs. This work provides a theoretical framework that utilizes ferroelectric polarization as a powerful approach to navigate the design of efficient SACs.

Memristive semiconductor HxNa2-xIn2As3 exhibits memristive switching and maintains semiconductor properties through ion migration in its vdW gaps. Low ion migration energy enables a low set voltage, while its low-symmetry structure produces anisotropic ion transport, offering insights into directional dependence. These findings can guide the development of energy-efficient memtransistors.

The use of the van der Waals (vdW) gap as an ion migration path, similar to cathode materials in lithium-ion batteries, enables improved ion migration. If these materials also possess semiconductor properties, they can simultaneously control electron or hole transport. Such materials can be used in memtransistors, which combine memory and semiconductor characteristics. However, the existing materials rely on defects such as grain boundaries as migration paths, resulting in high ion migration energy barriers and switching voltages. Herein, memtransistors are demonstrated using HxNa2-xIn2As3, which utilizes the vdW gap for ion migration, resulting in lower ion migration energy barriers. It is confirmed that ion migration occurs more readily in the [010] direction in a low-symmetry crystal structure owing to a lower migration energy barrier, whereas migration does not occur in the [100] direction, demonstrating directional dependence. This finding provides crucial guidelines for identifying ion migration in semiconductor materials, which can otherwise be overlooked. The use of the vdW gap as the migration path, variation in migration energy barriers with the ion movement direction, and their impact on low power consumption are critical factors that will guide the future development of memtransistor materials.

2,2,6,6-Tetramethylpiperidin-1-oxyl radical (TEMPO)-oxidized cellulose nanofiber (TOCN) is presented as a class of expanded nanofibrous electrode binders for lean-electrolyte lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries. Owing to the increased active sites for intermolecular interaction with Li polysulfides (LiPS), the TOCN binder promotes the declustering of LiPS, thereby achieving a high cell-level energy density of 503 Wh kg−1 at a low electrolyte-to-sulfur ratio of 2.0 µL mgsulfur −1.

Despite their potential as an alternative to commercial lithium (Li)‒ion batteries, Li–sulfur (Li–S) batteries face challenges related to energy density limitations caused by the considerable amount of electrolyte required. Lean electrolytes have proven effective in mitigating this issue. However, they tend to exacerbate Li polysulfides (LiPS) clustering, resulting in incomplete S utilization and sluggish conversion kinetics. Here, 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-oxyl radical (TEMPO)-oxidized cellulose nanofiber (TOCN) is presented as an expanded nanofibrous electrode binder for lean-electrolyte Li‒S batteries. Owing to its 1D fibrous structure and expanded inter-glucose chain distance, the TOCN binder offers more accessible active sites for intermolecular interactions with LiPS. Consequently, LiPS cluster formation is effectively suppressed even at a low TOCN binder content of 1 wt%, while a high S loading of 72 wt% is achieved. The resulting S cathode with the TOCN binder enables Li‒S cells to exhibit a remarkable specific capacity of 1221 mAh gsulfur −1 under constrained electrolyte conditions (low electrolyte-to-sulfur ratio of 2.0 µL mgsulfur −1 and low density of 0.927 g mL−1), yielding a high cell-level energy density of 503 Wh kg−1 that surpasses those of previously reported S cathodes based on conventional synthetic polymer binders.

The stability of wide-bandgap perovskite solar cells is reviewed, including its stabilization mechanism, stabilization methods, and application in tandem solar cells. The current challenges and future perspectives for research in this promising field are also presented.

Tandem solar cells (TSCs) based on wide bandgap (WBG) perovskites have gained significant attention for their higher power conversion efficiency (PCE) compared to single-junction cells. The role of WBG perovskite solar cells (PSCs) as the sub-cell in tandem cells consists of absorbing high-energy photons and producing higher open-circuit voltages (V OC). However, WBG PSCs face serious phase separation issues, resulting in poor long-term stability and substantial V OC loss in TSCs. In response, researchers have developed a range of strategies to mitigate these challenges, showing promising progress, and a comprehensive review of these strategies is expected. In this review, we discuss the stability mechanism in organic–inorganic hybrids and all-inorganic WBG perovskites. Additionally, we conduct an in-depth investigation of various strategies to enhance stability, including component engineering, additive engineering, interface engineering, dimension control, solvent engineering, and encapsulation. Furthermore, the application of the WBG sub-cell in various TSCs is summarized in detail. Finally, perspectives are provided to offer guidance for the development of efficient and stable WBG sub-cell in the field of TSCs.

Self-sorting assembly mediated supramolecular nanoformulations are reported, featured by molecularly defined medicines and enhanced therapeutics. Specific ‘hydrogen-bonding molecular instructions’ encoded in the structure of DAP/FU and HW/Ba pairs enables self-sorting phenomena and selective association of multiple prodrugs. Moreover, distinct association constant of DAP/FU (≈102 M−1) and HW/Ba (≈104-5 M−1) pairs endow programmable dissociation and specific chemo-prodrug release through pH/thermal-stimuli.

Precise cancer nanomedicine requires rational molecular instructions of therapeutic agents. Harnessing the structure-property-function relationships represents a practical strategy toward smart and effective nanomedicine. A structurally novel hydrogen-bonded (H-bonded) supramolecular nanoformulation generated by orthogonal self-sorting assembly of chemo-prodrug (FPtF) and phototherapeutics (BPeB) is here reported, to reach an autonomous nanomedicine with improved anti-tumor efficacy by combining chemo/phototherapy (CT/PT). The high-fidelity of H-bonding modularity from privileged heterocomplementary diaminopyridine/5-fluorouracil (DAP/FU) and Hamilton wedge/barbiturate (HW/Ba) pairs, respectively enable the precise spatial control of binding interactions toward FPtF and BPeB, in turn allowing the self-sorting process and specific “mix-and-match” capability. To directly stimulate phototherapy from BPeB via near-infrared (NIR) light, spectral matched upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs, β-NaYF4:Yb,Er) are encapsulated simultaneously. As a result, supramolecular polymeric nanomicelles, i.e., F/B/U@PHDO, are readily fabricated. Moreover, distinct H-bonding association constant (Ka) of DAP/FU (≈102 M−1) and HW/Ba (≈104-5 M−1) pairs reflect different strengths and stabilities of H-bonds, thus endowing the programmable H-bonding dissociation, accompanied with the chemo-prodrug release through pH/thermal-stimuli. Therapeutic regime with appreciated anti-tumor outcomes is ultimately accomplished via combined CT/PT. The privileged opportunities offered by self-sorting design are anticipated to point to new paradigm toward precise nanomedicine for cancer therapy.

A conducting multiferroic state of spin origin with both electronic polarity ( P ) and magnetization ( M ) can be controlled and detected by electric current in a high-temperature helimagnet YMn6Sn6. The underlying concept is the coupling of the electric current with the toroidal moment T∼P×M$\bm{T}\sim \bm{P}\ensuremath{\times{}}\bm{M}$. The controllability of state variables like P and T in conductors enhances the potential of spin-helicity-based spintronics.

A multiferroic state with both electronic polarity ( P ) and magnetization ( M ) shows the inherently strong P - M coupling when P is induced by cycloidal (Néel-wall like) spin modulation. The sign of P is determined by the clockwise or counterclockwise rotation of spin, termed the spin helicity. Such a multiferroic state is not limited to magnetic insulators but can be broadly observed in conductors. Here, the current control of the multiferroics is reported in a helimagnetic metal YMn6Sn6 and its detection through nonreciprocal resistivity (NRR). The underlying concept is the coupling of the current with the toroidal moment T∼P×M∼(q̂×χv)×M$\bm{T}\sim \bm{P}\ensuremath{\times{}}\bm{M}\sim (\widehat{\bm{q}}\ensuremath{\times{}}{\bm{\chi}}_{v})\ensuremath{\times{}}\bm{M}$ as well as with the magneto-chirality χ v · M , whereq̂$\hspace*{0.28em}\widehat{\bm{q}}$ and χ v are the unit modulation wave vector and the vector spin chirality, respectively. An enhancement of NRR is furthermore observed by the spin-cluster scattering via χ v and its fluctuation. These findings may pave the way to an exploration of multiferroic conductors and the application of the spin-helicity degree of freedom as a state variable.

A novel PFOE Artificial Synapse integrating multimodal fusion perception in one device with a single functional material is presented, enabled by combined ferroelectricity (for synaptic behaviors), piezoelectricity (for tactile modulation), and optoelectronic responsiveness (for visual detection) of NbOI2. Under the synergistic modulation of strain and light, visual-tactile fusion perception has been fully demonstrated, advancing multifunctional sensing devices for neuromorphic computing.

Multimodal sensory integration is vital for the evolution of artificial intelligence, yet current approaches often rely on physically connecting distinct sensing units (such as visual and tactile devices) through external circuits, leading to data transmission delays and information loss. Here, a groundbreaking paradigm is demonstrated for integrating visual-tactile fusion perception in one device with a single functional material. This is achieved by developing an unprecedented 2D Piezo-Ferro-Opto-Electronic (PFOE) Artificial Synapse, which combines the comprehensive ferroelectricity (for synaptic behaviors), piezoelectricity (for tactile modulation), and optoelectronic responsiveness (for visual detection) of strained 2D NbOI2. Under the synergistic influence of light and strain, the device exhibits remarkable persistent photoconductivity (PPC), a notable increase in paired-pulse facilitation (PPF) index (from 116% to 180%), and a reduction in the power exponent of the sublinear power-law fitting photocurrent curve (from 0.797 to 0.376). These features enhance the clarity and recognition of fingerprint images that integrate visual and tactile information. The work provides a robust foundation for integrating multisensory capabilities into advanced human-machine interfaces and artificial intelligence systems, marking a significant leap forward in the development of multifunctional neuromorphic devices.

Hydrogen-bonded organic framework solid-state electrolytes are developed for stable and efficient solid-state zinc-ion batteries. The short-distance Zn2+ conduction pathways and abundant hydrogen bonds network achieved the rapid Zn2+ conduction, the Zn dendrite growth, and hydrogen evolution reaction inhibition, displaying long-term Zn stripping/plating stability, as well as endowing the solid-state battery with high capacity and long-term cycling stability.

Solid-state zinc ion batteries (ZIBs) hold great potential for sustainable and high-safety reserves. However, the advancement of solid-state ZIBs is constrained by the shortage of reasonable solid-state electrolytes (SSE) with abundant hopping sites, effective hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) inhibition, and favorable interfacial compatibility. Herein, the hydrogen-bonded organic framework (HOF) CAM-Ag with Zn2+ hopping sites is developed as SSE for ZIBs. Taking advantage of the short-distance Zn2+ conduction pathways by crystal transformation through incorporating the Ag−N coordinate bonds, CAM-Ag SSE achieves a significant ionic conductivity of 1.14 × 10−4 S cm−1 at room temperature and superior Zn2+ transference number of 0.72. An abundant hydrogen bonds network effectively inhibits the initiation of HER and the subsequent generation of by-products. Moreover, the rapid Zn2+ conduction kinetics facilitated the inhibition of dendrite growth, promoting the uniform Zn2+ distribution. CAM-Ag SSE displays an extensive electrochemical stability range of 0–2.66 V and remarkable electrochemical compatibility, enabling stable Zn2+ plating/stripping for ≈1000 h at 1 mA cm−2. Consequently, CAM-Ag SSE-based solid-state ZIBs achieve a specific capacity of 315 mAh g−1 with only 1.5% decrease in capacitance after 24 h. The proposed HOF-based SSE displays a potential pathway for advancing stable and high-performance solid-state ZIBs.

A red thermally activated delayed fluorescent emitter, named PBCNT, exhibits intense red emission at 664 nm in a toluene solution and a solution-processed organic light-emitting diode based on PBCNT achieved a record-high maximum external quantum efficiency of 28.5% with a red emission peak at 608 nm using a multi-resonance type thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitter.

Achieving high-efficiency soluble red thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters remains a substantial challenge owing to the constraints imposed by the energy-gap law. In this study, an asymmetric pyrene-azaacene derivative, named PBCNT, is prepared and characterized, featuring a strong electron-donating tert-butyl diphenylamine moiety and an electron-withdrawing cyano group. PBCNT exhibits intense red emission with a peak wavelength of 664 nm in a toluene solution. It demonstrates an evident TADF character in the solid state, attributed to a small energy difference of 0.04 eV between its lowest singlet and triplet states. By employing a multi resonance-type TADF molecule as the host matrix, a solution-processed organic light-emitting diode (OLED) based on PBCNT achieved a record-high maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 28.5%, with a red emission peak at 608 nm, facilitated by effective Förster energy transfer, good horizontal emitting dipole orientation and managed intermolecular interactions between the host and dopant. This represents one of the highest EQE values reported among solution-processed red TADF OLEDs emitting electroluminescence at wavelengths greater than 600 nm. This paper introduces a promising pathway for developing efficient red TADF emitters that overcome the limitations of the energy-gap law.