Approaching the Ideal Linearity in Epitaxial Crystalline‐type Memristor by Controlling Filament Growth
Brain-inspired neuromorphic computing has attracted widespread attention owing to its ability to perform parallel and energy-efficient computation. However, the synaptic weight of amorphous/polycrystalline oxide based memristor usually exhibits large nonlinear behaviour with high asymmetry, which aggravates the complexity of peripheral circuit system.[6-10] Controllable growth of conductiv filaments is highly demanded for achieving the highly-linear conductance modulat ion. However, the stochastic behaviour of the filament growth in commonly used amorphous/polycrystalline oxide memristor makes it very challenging. Here, we report the epitaxially grown Hf0.5Zr0.5O2-based memristor with the linearity and symmetry approaching ideal case. A layer of Cu nanoparticles is inserted into epitaxially grown Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 film to form the grain boundaries due to the breaking of the epitaxial growth. By combining with the local electric field enhancement, the growth of filament is confined in the grain boundaries due to the fact that the diffusion of oxygen vacancy in crystalline lattice is more difficult than that in the grain boundaries. Furthermore, the decimal operation and high-accuracy neural network are demonstrated by utilizing the highly-linear and multi-level conductance modulation capacity. Our method opens an avenue to control the filament growth for the application of resistance random access memory (RRAM) and neuromorphic computing.
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Beyond Metallic Electrode: Spontaneous Formation of Fluidic Electrodes from Operational Liquid in Highly Functional Droplet‐Based Electricity Generator
The droplet-based electricity generator (DEG) has facilitated efficient droplet energy harvesting, yet diversifying its applications necessitates the incorporation of various to the DEG. In this study, we first propose a methodology for advancing the DEG by substituting its conventional metallic electrode with electrically conductive water electrode (WE), which is spontaneously generated during the operation of the DEG with operating liquid. Due to the inherent conductive and fluidic nature of water, the introduction of the WE maintains the electrical output performance of the DEG while imparting functionalities such as high transparency and flexibility. So, the resultant WE applied DEG (WE-DEG) exhibits high optical transmittance (∼ 99%) and retains its electricity-generating capability under varying deformations, including bending and stretching. This innovation expands the versatility of the DEG, and especially, a sun-raindrop dual-mode energy harvester is demonstrated by hybridizing the WE-DEG and photovoltaic (PV) cell. This hybridization effectively addresses the weather-dependent limitations inherent in each energy harvester and enhances the temperature-induced inefficiencies typically observed in PV cells, thereby enhancing the overall efficiency. The introduction of the WE will be poised to catalyze new developments in DEG research, paving the way for broader applicability and enhanced efficiency in droplet energy harvesting technologies.
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Fri 17 May 14:00: On optimal ranking in crowd-sourcing problems in several scenarios
Consider a crowd sourcing problem where we have n experts and d tasks. The average ability of each expert for each task is stored in an unknown matrix M, from which we have incomplete and noise observations. We make no (semi) parametric assumptions, but assume that the experts can be perfectly ordered: so that if an expert A is better than an expert B, the ability of A is higher than that of B for all tasks. We either assume the same for the task, or not, depending on the scenario. This implies that if the matrix M, up to permutations of its rows and columns, is either isotonic, or bi-isotonic.
We focus on the problem of recovering the optimal ranking of the experts and/or of the tasks, in l2 norm. We will consider this problem with some side-information — i.e. when the ordering of the tasks (if it exists) is known to the statistician – or not. In other words, we aim at estimating the suitable permutation of the rows of M. We provide a minimax-optimal and computationally feasible method for this problem in three scenarios of increasing difficulty: known order of the task, unknown order of the tasks, no order of the tasks. The algorithms we provide are based on hierarchical clustering, PCA , change-point detection, and exchange of informations among the clusters.
This talk is based on a joint ongoing work with Emmanuel Pilliat, Maximilian Graf and Nicolas Verzelen.
- Speaker: Alexandra Carpentier, University of Potsdam
- Friday 17 May 2024, 14:00-15:00
- Venue: MR12, Centre for Mathematical Sciences.
- Series: Statistics; organiser: Dr Sergio Bacallado.
Constructing High‐Active Surface of Plasmonic Tungsten Oxide for Photocatalytic Alcohol Dehydration
Plasmonic semiconductors with broad spectral response hold significant promise for sustainable solar energy utilization. However, their surface inertness limits the photocatalytic activity. Herein, we propose a novel approach to improve the body crystallinity and increase the surface oxygen vacancies of plasmonic tungsten oxide by the combination of hydrochloric acid regulation and light irradiation, which can promote the adsorption of tert-butyl alcohol (TBA) on plasmonic tungsten oxide and overcome the hindrance of the surface depletion layer in photocatalytic alcohol dehydration. Additionally, this process can concentrate electrons for strong plasmonic electron oscillation on the near surface, facilitating rapid electron transfer within the adsorbed TBA molecules for C-O bond cleavage. As a result, the activation barrier for TBA dehydration is significantly reduced by 93% to 6.0 kJ mol−1, much lower than that of thermocatalysis (91 kJ mol−1). Therefore, an optimal isobutylene generation rate of 1.8 mol g−1 h−1 (selectivity of 99.9%) is achieved. A small flow reaction system is further constructed, which shows an isobutylene generation rate of 12 mmol h−1 under natural sunlight irradiation. This work highlights the potential of plasmonic semiconductors for efficient photocatalytic alcohol dehydration, thereby promoting the sustainable utilization of solar energy.
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Side Reactions/Changes in Lithium‐Ion Batteries: Mechanisms and Strategies for Creating Safer and Better Batteries
Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), in which lithium ions function as charge carriers, are considered the most competitive energy storage devices due to their high energy and power density. However, battery materials, especially with high capacity undergo side reactions and changes that result in capacity decay and safety issues. A deep understanding of the reactions that cause changes in the battery's internal components and the mechanisms of those reactions is needed to build safer and better batteries. This review focuses on the processes of battery failures, with voltage and temperature as the underlying factors. Voltage-induced failures result from anode interfacial reactions, current collector corrosion, cathode interfacial reactions, overcharge, and overdischarge, while temperature-induced failure mechanisms include SEI decomposition, separator damage, and interfacial reactions between electrodes and electrolytes. The review also presents protective strategies for controlling these reactions. As a result, the reader is offered a comprehensive overview of the safety features and failure mechanisms of various LIB components.
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Metallic Ru‐Ru Interaction in Ruthenium Oxide Enabling Durable Proton Exchange Membrane Water Electrolysis
Developing efficient and robust electrocatalysts toward the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is critical for proton exchange membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE). RuO2 possesses intrinsically high OER activity, but the concurrent electrochemical dissolution leads to rapid deactivation. Here we report a unique RuO2 catalyst containing metallic Ru-Ru interactions (m-RuO2), which maintains stable in practical PEMWE for 100 h at 60 °C and 1 A cm–2. Experimental and theoretical investigations suggest that the presence of Ru-Ru interactions significantly increases the energy barrier for the formation of RuO2(OH)2, which is a key intermediate for Ru dissolution, and hence substantially mitigates the electrochemical corrosion of m-RuO2. Meanwhile, the Ru4d band center downshifts, accordingly, ensuring the high OER activity, and the participation of lattice oxygen in the OER is also suppressed at the Ru-Ru sites, further contributing to the enhanced durability. Interestingly, such enhanced stability is also dependent on the size of metallic Ru-Ru cluster, where the energy barrier is further increased for Ru3, but is decreased for Ru5. These results highlight the significance of local coordination structure modulation on the electrochemical stability of RuO2 and open a feasible avenue toward the development of robust OER electrocatalysts for high-performance PEMWE.
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Robust Battery Interphases from Dilute Fluorinated Cations
DOI: 10.1039/D4EE00296B, Paper Open Access   This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Unported Licence.Chulgi Nathan Hong, Mengwen Yan, Oleg A. Borodin, Travis P. Pollard, Langyuan Wu, Manuel Reiter, Dario Gomez Vazquez, Katharina Trapp, Jimun Yoo, Netanel Shpigel, Jeremy I. Feldblyum, Maria R. Lukatskaya
Controlling solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) in batteries is crucial for their efficient cycling. Herein, we demonstrate an approach to enable robust battery performance that does not rely on high fractions...
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Biocompatible and Stable Quasi-solid-state Zinc-ion Batteries for Real-time Responsive Wireless Wearable Electronics
DOI: 10.1039/D4EE01212G, PaperBingyao Zhang, Xinze Cai, Jingjing Li, Hao Zhang, Dongmin Li, Haoyang Ge, Shuquan Liang, Bingan Lu, Jiangqi Zhao, Jiang Zhou
Wearable systems for continuous monitoring of muscle activity, data storage, and feedback treatment delivery represent innovative approaches to personalized healthcare. Monitoring the physiological responses of the body requires wearable systems...
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Tailoring Desolvation Strategies for Aqueous Zinc-Ion Batteries
DOI: 10.1039/D4EE00313F, Review ArticleWenhao Ma, Sunyufei Wang, Xianwen Wu, Wenwen Liu, Fan Yang, Shude Liu, Seong Chan Jun, Lei Dai, Zhangxing He, Qiaobao Zhang
Aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs) are recognized as a promising power supply for energy storage devices due to their high theoretical capacity, inherent safety, suitable redox potential, and environmental friendliness. However,...
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Thu 02 May 15:00: Greedy-LASSO, Greedy-Net: Generalization and unrolling of greedy sparse recovery algorithms
Sparse recovery generally aims at reconstructing a sparse vector, given linear measurements performed via a mixture (or sensing) matrix, typically underdetermined. Greedy (and thresholding) sparse recovery algorithms have known to serve well as a suitable alternative for convex optimization techniques, in particular in low sparsity regimes. In this talk, I take orthogonal matching pursuit (OMP) as an example, and establish a connection between OMP and convex optimization decoders in one side and neural networks on the other side. To achieve the former, we adopt a loss function-based perspective and propose a framework based on OMP that leads to greedy algorithms for a large class of loss functions including the well-known (weighted-)LASSO family, with explicit formulas for the choice of the ``greedy selection criterion”. We show numerically that these greedy algorithms inherit properties of their ancestor convex decoder. In the second part of the talk, we leverage ``softsoring”, to resolve the non-differentiability issue of OMP due to (arg)sorting, in order to derive a differentiable version of OMP that we call ``Soft-OMP”, which we demonstrate numerically and theoretically that is a good approximation for OMP . We then unroll iterations of OMP onto layers of a neural network with weights as semantic trainable parameters that capture the structure within the data. Doing so, we also connect our approach to learning weights in weighted sparse recovery. I will conclude the talk by presenting implications of our framework for other greedy algorithms such as CoSaMP and IHT , and highlight some open problems. This is joint work with Simone Brugiapaglia (Concordia University) and Matthew Colbrook (University of Cambridge).
- Speaker: Sina Mohammadtaheri
- Thursday 02 May 2024, 15:00-16:00
- Venue: Centre for Mathematical Sciences, MR12.
- Series: Applied and Computational Analysis; organiser: Matthew Colbrook.
Thu 23 May 16:00: How innate immune cells adapt to environment and function: diverse tales of mitochondria
Innate immune cells, such as macrophages and dendritic cells, inhabit all body organs to detect danger and initiate immune responses as well as to maintain organ health. However, the mechanisms facilitating those diverse functions of innate immune cells in distinct tissue milieus are poorly understood.
Recently, we found tissue macrophages to engage their mitochondrial metabolism in an organ-specific manner. Mechanistically, they adapt the activity of their mitochondrial electron transport chain to handle large amounts of environmental lipids in homeostasis. This functional dependence of tissue macrophages on mitochondrial metabolism can be harnessed to ameliorate obesity-related pathologies. On the other hand, innate immune cells have to quickly respond to insults and activate immunity for containment, in particular conventional dendritic cells. We discovered a differential bioenergetic dependence of the immunogenic responsiveness of type 1 versus type 2 dendritic cells (unpublished data). The distinct engagement of mitochondrial metabolism regulates the epigenetic state and functional outputs of dendritic cell subsets and affects their potency to induce anti-cancer immunity.
Overall, my talk will focus on how mitochondria and an active electron transport chain regulate the context-dependent functions of innate immune cells via entirely distinct molecular mechanisms.
- Speaker: Stefanie Wculek, IRB (Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona)
- Thursday 23 May 2024, 16:00-17:00
- Venue: Hodgkin Huxley Seminar Room, Physiology builiding, Downing Site CB2 3EG.
- Series: Foster Talks; organiser: er454.
Fri 10 May 16:00: Koopman Operator Theory Based Machine Learning of Dynamical Systems
Many approaches to machine learning have struggled with applications that possess complex process dynamics. In contrast, human intelligence is adapted, and – arguably – built to deal with complex dynamics. The current theory holds that human brain achieves that by constantly rebuilding a model of the world based on the feedback it receives. I will describe an approach to machine learning of dynamical systems based on Koopman Operator Theory (KOT) that also produces generative, predictive, context-aware models amenable to (feedback) control applications. KOT has deep mathematical roots and I will discuss its basic tenets. I will also present computational methods that enable lean computation. A number of examples will be discussed, including use in fluid dynamics, soft robotics, and game dynamics.
- Speaker: Igor Mezic, UC Santa Barbara
- Friday 10 May 2024, 16:00-17:00
- Venue: MR2.
- Series: Fluid Mechanics (DAMTP); organiser: Professor Grae Worster.
Mechanical Durability and Flexibility in Perovskite Photovoltaics: Advancements and Applications
Flexible perovskite solar cells (F-PSCs) are gaining importance for diverse applications, yet face concern about mechanical robustness. This review explores recent advancements in enhancing the mechanical stability of F-PSCs, including soft perovskite optimization, crystal grain regulation, flexible electrodes, substrate selection, and other factors. Challenges and perspectives for F-PSCs are also discussed.
Abstract
The remarkable progress in perovskite solar cell (PSC) technology has witnessed a remarkable leap in efficiency within the past decade. As this technology continues to mature, flexible PSCs (F-PSCs) are emerging as pivotal components for a wide array of applications, spanning from powering portable electronics and wearable devices to integrating seamlessly into electronic textiles and large-scale industrial roofing. F-PSCs characterized by their lightweight, mechanical flexibility, and adaptability for cost-effective roll-to-roll manufacturing, hold immense commercial potential. However, the persistent concerns regarding the overall stability and mechanical robustness of these devices loom large. This comprehensive review delves into recent strides made in enhancing the mechanical stability of F-PSCs. It covers a spectrum of crucial aspects, encompassing perovskite material optimization, precise crystal grain regulation, film quality enhancement, strategic interface engineering, innovational developed flexible transparent electrodes, judicious substrate selection, and the integration of various functional layers. By collating and analyzing these dedicated research endeavors, this review illuminates the current landscape of progress in addressing the challenges surrounding mechanical stability. Furthermore, it provides valuable insights into the persistent obstacles and bottlenecks that demand attention and innovative solutions in the field of F-PSCs.
On‐Command Disassembly of Microrobotic Superstructures for Transport and Delivery of Magnetic Micromachines
A magnetically driven microrobotic superstructure is designed for navigation in microscale environments. The superstructure consists of microhelices interlocked with a gelatin composite chassis containing iron oxide nanoparticles. The helices serve as the motion component, while the nanoparticles enable the gelatin to dissolve via magnetic hyperthermia. Upon dissolution, the helices are released and navigate through smaller conduits using a rotating field.
Abstract
Magnetic microrobots have been developed for navigating microscale environments by means of remote magnetic fields. However, limited propulsion speeds at small scales remain an issue in the maneuverability of these devices as magnetic force and torque are proportional to their magnetic volume. Here, a microrobotic superstructure is proposed, which, as analogous to a supramolecular system, consists of two or more microrobotic units that are interconnected and organized through a physical (transient) component (a polymeric frame or a thread). The superstructures consist of microfabricated magnetic helical micromachines interlocked by a magnetic gelatin nanocomposite containing iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs). While the microhelices enable the motion of the superstructure, the IONPs serve as heating transducers for dissolving the gelatin chassis via magnetic hyperthermia. In a practical demonstration, the superstructure's motion with a gradient magnetic field in a large channel, the disassembly of the superstructure and release of the helical micromachines by a high-frequency alternating magnetic field, and the corkscrew locomotion of the released helices through a small channel via a rotating magnetic field, is showcased. This adaptable microrobotic superstructure reacts to different magnetic inputs, which can be used to perform complex delivery procedures within intricate regions of the human body.
Ultrathin Magnesium‐Based Coating as an Efficient Oxygen Barrier for Superconducting Circuit Materials
Through a combined experimental and computational study, it is demonstrated that an ultrathin Mg capping layer effectively suppresses the oxidation of tantalum (Ta), a promising material for superconducting qubits. With Mg acting as an oxygen barrier and getter, the superconducting properties of the underlaying Ta thin films are improved, exhibiting sharper transition to the Meissner state at higher critical temperature.
Abstract
Scaling up superconducting quantum circuits based on transmon qubits necessitates substantial enhancements in qubit coherence time. Over recent years, tantalum (Ta) has emerged as a promising candidate for transmon qubits, surpassing conventional counterparts in terms of coherence time. However, amorphous surface Ta oxide layer may introduce dielectric loss, ultimately placing a limit on the coherence time. In this study, a novel approach for suppressing the formation of tantalum oxide using an ultrathin magnesium (Mg) capping layer is presented. Synchrotron-based X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy studies demonstrate that oxide is confined to an extremely thin region directly beneath the Mg/Ta interface. Additionally, it is demonstrated that the superconducting properties of thin Ta films are improved following the Mg capping, exhibiting sharper and higher-temperature transitions to superconductive and magnetically ordered states. Moreover, an atomic-scale mechanistic understanding of the role of the capping layer in protecting Ta from oxidation is established based on computational modeling. This work provides valuable insights into the formation mechanism and functionality of surface tantalum oxide, as well as a new materials design principle with the potential to reduce dielectric loss in superconducting quantum materials. Ultimately, the findings pave the way for the realization of large-scale, high-performance quantum computing systems.
Flexible, Biodegradable, and Wireless Magnetoelectric Paper for Simple In Situ Personalization of Bioelectric Implants
A flexible, biodegradable bioelectronic paper featuring homogeneously distributed wireless stimulation functionality is presented. This paper synergistically combines lead-free magnetoelectric nanoparticles for external magnetic field-induced electrical stimulation and flexible, biodegradable nanofibers for high-selectivity stimulation, oxygen/nutrient permeation, cell orientation modulation, and biodegradation rate control. Scalability, design flexibility, and rapid customizability are demonstrated through simple paper crafting techniques such as origami and kirigami.
Abstract
Bioelectronic implants delivering electrical stimulation offer an attractive alternative to traditional pharmaceuticals in electrotherapy. However, achieving simple, rapid, and cost-effective personalization of these implants for customized treatment in unique clinical and physical scenarios presents a substantial challenge. This challenge is further compounded by the need to ensure safety and minimal invasiveness, requiring essential attributes such as flexibility, biocompatibility, lightness, biodegradability, and wireless stimulation capability. Here, a flexible, biodegradable bioelectronic paper with homogeneously distributed wireless stimulation functionality for simple personalization of bioelectronic implants is introduced. The bioelectronic paper synergistically combines i) lead-free magnetoelectric nanoparticles (MENs) that facilitate electrical stimulation in response to external magnetic field and ii) flexible and biodegradable nanofibers (NFs) that enable localization of MENs for high-selectivity stimulation, oxygen/nutrient permeation, cell orientation modulation, and biodegradation rate control. The effectiveness of wireless electrical stimulation in vitro through enhanced neuronal differentiation of neuron-like PC12 cells and the controllability of their microstructural orientation are shown. Also, scalability, design flexibility, and rapid customizability of the bioelectronic paper are shown by creating various 3D macrostructures using simple paper crafting techniques such as cutting and folding. This platform holds promise for simple and rapid personalization of temporary bioelectronic implants for minimally invasive wireless stimulation therapies.
Freeze‐Thaw Microfluidic System Produces “Themis” Nanocomplex for Cleaning Persisters‐Infected Macrophages and Enhancing Uninfected Macrophages
A “Themis” nanocomplex (TNC) is fabricated via a microfluidic chip based on the freeze-thaw strategy. For infected macrophages, TNC releases heme to reconstruct the respiratory chain complexes of intracellular persisters, forcing them to regrow. For uninfected macrophages, TNC upregulates TCA cycle and OXPHOS, contributing to the immunoenhancement. The combined effect of TNC provides a promising strategy for intracellular bacteria therapy.
Abstract
Macrophages are the primary effectors against potential pathogen infections. They can be “parasitized” by intracellular bacteria, serving as “accomplices”, protecting intracellular bacteria and even switching them to persisters. Here, using a freeze-thaw strategy-based microfluidic chip, a “Themis” nanocomplex (TNC) is created. The TNC consists of Lactobacillus reuteri-derived membrane vesicles, heme, and vancomycin, which cleaned infected macrophages and enhanced uninfected macrophages. In infected macrophages, TNC releases heme that led to the reconstruction of the respiratory chain complexes of intracellular persisters, forcing them to regrow. The revived bacteria produces virulence factors that destroyed host macrophages (accomplices), thereby being externalized and becoming vulnerable to immune responses. In uninfected macrophages, TNC upregulates the TCA cycle and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), contributing to immunoenhancement. The combined effect of TNC of cleaning the accomplice (infected macrophages) and reinforcing uninfected macrophages provides a promising strategy for intracellular bacterial therapy.
Wearable Sensors for Breath Monitoring Based on Water‐Based Hexagonal Boron Nitride Inks Made with Supramolecular Functionalization
A wearable sensor able to monitor in real time the subtlest changes of respiratory signals, associated with different daily activities as well as various symptoms of flu, is demonstrated. The device is based on hexagonal boron nitride inks made by non-covalent functionalization with pyrene derivatives, enabling to strongly enhance the sensitivity to water molecules, and device stability.
Abstract
Wearable humidity sensors are attracting strong attention as they allow for real-time and continuous monitoring of important physiological information by enabling activity tracking as well as air quality assessment. Amongst 2Dimensional (2D) materials, graphene oxide (GO) is very attractive for humidity sensing due to its tuneable surface chemistry, high surface area, processability in water, and easy integration onto flexible substrates. However, strong hysteresis, low sensitivity, and cross-sensitivity issues limit the use of GO in practical applications, where continuous monitoring is preferred. Herein, a wearable and wireless impedance-based humidity sensor made with pyrene-functionalized hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) nanosheets is demonstrated. The device shows enhanced sensitivity towards relative humidity (RH) (>1010 Ohms/%RH in the range from 5% to 100% RH), fast response (0.1 ms), no appreciable hysteresis, and no cross-sensitivity with temperature in the range of 25–60 °C. The h-BN-based sensor is able to monitor the whole breathing cycle process of exhaling and inhaling, hence enabling to record in real-time the subtlest changes of respiratory signals associated with different daily activities as well as various symptoms of flu, without requiring any direct contact with the individual.
Tunable Hydrogel Electronics for Diagnosis of Peripheral Neuropathy
On-skin patches with polyaspartic acid-modified dopamine/ethyl-based ionic liquid hydrogel (PDEH) are developed to capture electromyography signals for the diagnosis of peripheral neuropathy. Triggered by a one-step electric field treatment, the hydrogel realizes rapid, wide-range adhesion regulation, and enhanced mechanical performance. In clinical applications, the PDEH-SLM (silver-liquid metal) devices can establish intimate device/skin interfaces or ensure benign removal while achieving precise diagnoses of nerve injuries.
Abstract
Peripheral neuropathy characterized by rapidly increasing numbers of patients is commonly diagnosed via analyzing electromyography signals obtained from stimulation-recording devices. However, existing commercial electrodes have difficulty in implementing conformal contact with skin and gentle detachment, dramatically impairing stimulation/recording performances. Here, this work develops on-skin patches with polyaspartic acid-modified dopamine/ethyl-based ionic liquid hydrogel (PDEH) as stimulation/recording devices to capture electromyography signals for the diagnosis of peripheral neuropathy. Triggered by a one-step electric field treatment, the hydrogel achieves rapid and wide-range regulation of adhesion and substantially strengthened mechanical performances. Moreover, hydrogel patches assembled with a silver-liquid metal (SLM) layer exhibit superior charge injection and low contact impedance, capable of capturing high-fidelity electromyography. This work further verifies the feasibility of hydrogel devices for accurate diagnoses of peripheral neuropathy in sensory, motor, and mixed nerves. For various body parts, such as fingers, the elderly's loose skin, hairy skin, and children's fragile skin, this work regulates the adhesion of PDEH-SLM devices to establish intimate device/skin interfaces or ensure benign removal. Noticeably, hydrogel patches achieve precise diagnoses of nerve injuries in these clinical cases while providing extra advantages of more effective stimulation/recording performances. These patches offer a promising alternative for the diagnosis and rehabilitation of neuropathy in future.